In present, Developers are working in a team and working in multiple continents, and they all have different language with different character sets, now this is the bad part of story to use different versions of the compiler. Few codes are new and few are from decade-old libraries that may not come with source code.

The work involved in instructing the computers that what to do is markedly so different than it was even 5 years ago, and it’s easily possible for any Rip Van Winkle-like developer who slept from last 15 years, would wake-up and find it difficult to computing world. Now everything is changing faster than ever.

Here are 15 technologies that are responsible for transforming the nature of programming. They have changed the way that, how we work with fellow developer, how we code and how we interact with our customers.

Continuous integration – Developer tool No. 1

While checked in code to a repository, you can have enough time to catch your breath with cup of coffee or it can be lunch also. Now code repositories are tightly linked with continuous build systems, which recompile your code, initiate hundreds of tests, scrutinize your architecture and start identifying potential error in work. You will not get 5 feet from your work desk before your mobile starts ringing with notification of new emails and more mechanism telling you what needs to be fixed. Now, again back to work because you have new task on machine.

Frameworks – Developer tool No. 2

Standing on others shoulders and using the others work in form may not be new idea. Now a day’s little amount of programming are start from scratch. Everyone’s approach is to get the right framework, start writing glue code with the link of the parts of the API and research the API that justify the job well. The code starts from Express JS, Ext JS or more, HTML and CSS is no more in the use for creating web pages. You’re a framework-tweaker, not a craftsman, that’s means there is no way to catch up with others work.

Libraries – Developer tool No. 3

Without using jQuery, you can write a code for browser? Does anyone even still remember the function called GetElementByID? No way, because libraries like jQuery are now ruing on every level of the stack. People love to talk about their languages, but rarely do they talk about how they program. Library knowledge is must, if you are thinking to hire someone. Game programmers should have the knowledge of Unity, Corona, Allegro and more because for game programmer knowledge of C++ is very common. Knowledge of the library is important as ins and outs of the language itself.

APIs – Developer tool No. 4

Earlier, programmers were worried about data structures. The would pack all the required information into count the bytes one by one, blocks of bytes and then make sure that all the values were placed at right place with right distance from the pointer. Now, compiler does all the things for us. These days API used as most rigorous interface with a fancier name. This can be run on completely on different machine of by a completely different company. If you want to convert street address, or ZIP code in to latitude and longitude, so you can do all this with the help of API, it cost few silver coins to get the answer.

Platform as a service – Developer tool No. 5

Everyone is customizing their own website, by creating the account instead of building their own website. Your website can do everything for you, whatever you want. It’s like, bidding product on eBay, or uploading a funny video to YouTube. Most of PaaS options need a programmer’s sophistication to know what to put in Web form. Microsoft’s Azure, instead of what you to put in a few JavaScript functions that characterize how the website works.

Browsers – Developer tool No. 6

Once upon a time, when people were writing a software programs for desktops, software for servers, and software for different devices, and all that was so different. Each software had its own way to communicate with user. Now everything goes through the web browser, no matter you set-up a local file server for house or hold a music station, you need to go on website and work over there. Widgets of Apple’s desktop have been written in HTML and JavaScript for years. Custom work doesn’t need a browser, as JavaScript developers figure out how to write the screen canvas object.

Application containers – Developer tool No. 7

Server building is hard work, and programmers know well how to run the code. Sometimes they get the right libraries and sometimes they didn’t get it, but eventually anyhow they have to find they way to make them worked. Some application eventually such as; Docker allows to push a button and ship off a container with all the right libraries. If it runs on the test machine so certainly it will work on the servers.

Infrastructure as a service – Developer tool No. 8

Programmers love to hang out with at lunch after work, but they have been abstracted into the cloud layer, as they are working into data center across the globe and fancies as leader in the world of cloud. Few programmers need the infrastructure team to build new server for a new project. They simply log into a website with push a button, and get a machine running for them. IaaS administration web pages won’t buy you a drink after work, but they can save you from ever having to get in the next round.

Node.js and JavaScript – Developer tool No. 9

Web servers represent the statics of HTML; You need someone to figured out how to create dynamic servers, which can interact with databases. IN each team there should be one person to program the database in SQL, one person to design the HTML templates and one person to write the server code in PHP or Java. Once you will fall in love with AJAX and JavaScript running on the client, the site need other person to speak the same language. Now it’s all done in JavaScript. The browser still speaks JavaScript, but with database layer (MongoDB and CouchDB) and server layer (Node.js).

Secondary marketplaces – Developer tool No. 10

If you are programming a game, than you can hire some artists for creating a stunning set of models, and even you can hire some more programmers for add visual effects to make the game look cool. You can also shop on the secondary market place, to buy up all the pieces you need. You need a artists or developers with low price, market place is more effective with extensions, plug-ins, libraries and add-ons.

Virtual machines – Developer tool No. 11

The days are gone, when you were writing code for real chunks of silicon. Most of the written codes now run on virtual machines that translate your instructions into chip. The C#/.Net Virtual Machine, the Java Virtual Machine and JavaScript engines end up as the beginning of main target for code. VM popularity is going to absorb everything; you need to build the entire stack if you want to create a new language. In present new languages sit on top of the old virtual machines. You can could create your own language and browser.

Social media portals – Developer tool No. 12

In earlier days of internet, you have to build your own website and hope for the best that people find your website and for that you have to choose the cool URL, so that people can recall it easily. If you build your own website, so you have to make your presence on social platform such as; Facebook, Salesforce to divert the traffic the on website.

DevOps tools – Developer tool No. 13

Earlier we used to install the software on a server, now we can rent servers, according to your machine requirement. Services like; Google App Engine already handling the same. All you need to do submit your app, and the provisioning is automatic. And you will not know what’s going on in the background.

SourceForge, GitHub and social code sharing – Developer tool No. 14

Now code sharing is like a social network and code sharing site can be the contribution to the open source world. Sites like; GitHub and SourceForge post all the code for everyone to see and update. If you want to copy the code, than you have to sent the tar-ball if you felt like it. On these social platforms you can read the codes and give the suggestion to change them.

Performance monitoring – Developer tool No. 15

Earlier it was simple to track the power of your code, if you love to be fancy than you have to add a few extra calculations and subtraction. Most of the problem not only occur on only one machine, if you will add the profiler, so it will not reveal the bottleneck, which can make someone to worry for interconnection or a sluggish database. New tools and track of the networks are performing well for individual modules.

These are the only way to understand what is going wrong and going right. All this is just a way to show how model of programming is morphing from a network of connected tools to single machine that may or may not play well together.

Benefits:
During the process of rebuilding the news feed for the Apple devices, functional programming was very reliable, says Adam Ernst, engineer based in NY Facebook office. This approach by Facebook has clearly indicated that compared to declarative type of programming, functional programming has more benefits. Different developers have different approach towards this technology.
If this approach and programming model is implemented, then many of the other organizations will be able to provide better debugging options and performance.

The engineering team along with Ernst was enthusiast of this new programming model as lot of tension was getting raised during the debugging and maintenance process of the news feed especially when a user adds new item. Given the number of Facebook’s user, keeping the material up to date might look simple but it at the back end it is build on complex systems.
How it works:
Facebook’s newsfeed consist of different sets of items that has been posted in any profile by friends and family in the form of status updates, videos, photos, location etc. Each login by the user creates a new customized personal newsfeed. This process has to be very fast to avoid the latency time in the user. Every time a user posts any comments or even click on the like button, creates lot of complication as the information needs to get updated in real time.

According to Ernst, functional programming has been this complicated task easy and possible. It helps in understating the flow of information through code and how it can be reproduced easily and fast. Functional programming enables the developer to compose program by assembling a chain of functions. When compared to the declarative program it doesn’t use standard loop often known as immutability.

Even though functional programming is very popular in the academic community, it has not seen much implementation until recently. The popularity of this functional programming can be attributed to the multicore processors. The new Facebook iOS has already been implemented in iphone and ipads which enables the entire newsfeed to get refreshed even after single click. The amount of memory that can be taken by the functional programming has not been an issue to the Facebook engineers.

There are lots of languages designed for functional programming like ML, Haskell, Scheme and F# language etc. along with many other languages like java, JavaScript or even swift can be used as well. Ernst and team have used what they call multiple paradigm language which includes languages like C++, Objective C classes of objective etc, which can support lot of functions.
Based on this functional style, a user interface library has been created in another part of the company, known as React. This was the inspiration for Ernst. Currently they are working on getting the team of Android client to look for investment in this programming.

As per Ernst, using this programming model in iOS has increase the idea sharing in Facebook and future growth is expected.

1. Describe clearly what you do

When somebody visits your website, you don’t want them to investigative what, exactly, it is that you do. So we clearly state your name and describe your products or services right on the homepage. A clear description allows visitor to focus and encourage them to stay on your website for a longer time.

2. An easy to use Web address

Nobody wants to deal with complicated things. Your domain name is like your brand. It should be easy enough for a user to type it into a Web browser or an e-mail address. We suggest avoiding dashes (that can cause SEO problems) and numbers (which can create confusion for the users).

3. A site map with easy navigation

It should be easy for users to find what they are looking for. Clearly laid out navigation with direct links to the most essential pages and a complete site map are important for guiding users to the information they want. This can be accomplished using dropdowns under the navigation menu so that user can easily access the content under every heading from any page.

4. Easily accessible contact information

You would never want potential customers to choose your competitor over you just because it is difficult for them to get contact information on your website. Not all visitors are patient enough to browse through every page to find the contact information on your website. We prefer to include numerous ways for providing contact information — phone, e-mail, and a standard contact form etc. Generally we put contact information on each page of the website in the side bar or the footer or even in top right corner, which helps the visitors to find it more easily.

5. Testimonials from Customers

Honest reviews from customers help to make your products or services more noticeable to the ones who are visiting your website. This way you can strengthen your potential customer’s trust in you, especially when you are new in the market.

6. An obvious call to action

Tell the online visitors literally what you want them to do with clear tones of commend. For example, you want them to call you now for free quote, or want them to sign up to your exclusively online coupons, or add products to the online shopping cart, etc.

7. Incorporate basics of SEO

Your website won’t be of any use if it is not easily visible to the users. That is why we emphasis on including some of the SEO basics to make it more accessible by search engine. That involves using the correct keywords in your content, putting in adequate links, correctly naming your URLs and page titles, and using images and videos.

8. Updated and quality content

For retaining the existing customers it is very much advisable to keep the content continuously updated. Fresh content is a hit formula for SEO, as well. This can be done by a regularly-updated blog or connecting in your social media feeds.

9. Security of the hosting platform

Loop holes in the security of your website could cost you your customers. These days online information can be easily hijacked or hacked. Thus, it is very vital to have a secure, reliable hosting company to keep the hackers out and your content up and running. It is also important to keep your content management system updated for staying one step ahead of the hackers.

10. User friendly style and design

While opening a new web page, online visitors often scan through a Web page to check the content first. Further if they are satisfied with the current page, they will pay attention to read the full story. So in order to enhance user’s experience on your website, we can organize the content for scanning.

There are three style points recommended for online writing to keep in mind:

• Always use bullet points

• Highlighting important words or phrases

• Breaking full content into multiple short paragraphs, with headers if required